Let's take this research (2022): Neural activity during solo and choral reading: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of overt continuous speech production in adults who stutter **What are your thoughts?** "This study leveraged an advanced fMRI de-noising method to allow us to investigate brain activity patterns during continuous speech in adults who stutter and controls under choral and solo reading conditions. Overall, brain activity differences between AWS relative to controls in the two conditions were similar, showing expected patterns of hyperactivity in premotor/motor regions but underactivity in auditory regions. Functional connectivity of left STG showed that within the AWS group there was increased correlated activity with the right insula during choral speech, as well as heightened connectivity with regions of DMN during solo speech. These findings suggest that induced fluency conditions specifically modulated brain activity in the AWS group. Further, they indicate possible interference by the DMN during natural, stuttering-prone speech in AWS, and that enhanced coordination between auditory and motor regions may support fluent speech. These findings have clinical implications for designing interventions that involve fluency-inducing conditions to treat stuttering." ​ **My opinion:** After reading this pdf file, I come to the conclusion, that **Adults Who Stutter (AWS)** reduce stuttering during choral speech, because they focus more on the motor region in their brain. In my opinion, this means, that AWS during speech, don't let go of control. Instead, they focus more on control of the speech mechanism in order to reduce stuttering. Take, Joe Biden, a wonderful president whose stuttering is reduced by trying to control speech muscles. Conclusion: In my opinion, **people who stutter (PWS)** are able to reduce stuttering with choral speech. However, as above research concludes, PWS don't remove stuttering completely. In my opinion, if PWS keep trying to control the speech mechanism, then a reduced stutterer will not be able to become a non-stutterer as long as one is focusing 'more' on the motor/premotor region (than previously).