>*"So what are the technique to activate the left hemisphere during speech?"* I consider the left-hemisphere feedforward control "*the instruction of executing motor movements*". However, I have developed a stutter habit of blaming *fear of articulatory positions* during a trigger (*such as anticipation, linguistic, emotional, cognitive or psychosocial demands, articulatory tension, auditory feedback, and increased autonomic arousal*). This then leads me to never instruct motor movements to begin with, resulting in a speech block, and instead, I try to compensate this by: * right hemisphere overactivation as an attempt to compensate for the structural and functional deficits in the left premotor and primary motor speech areas * overreliance on feedback systems (instead of consciously instructing to generate patterns of motor commands necessary for fluent speech to continue) * atypical integration of sensory feedback and sensorimotor aspects of stuttering using an inefficient and unstable speech production system * making excessive reliance on feedback to adjust motor programs (instead of adjusting to articulatory patterns to compensate for speech errors & increasing basic movement parameters, such as movement amplitude and velocity) * increasing variable articulatory coordination patterns (instead of using highly consistent interarticulator coordination patterns, such as consistency of upper lip, lower lip, and jaw coordination on repeated productions) * applying hyperactivation or overactivation of the speech production system (instead of working on improving my speech motor programming and execution deficit) * justifying motor behaviors that are maladaptive, such as "locking" of the speech motor system (instead of working on the neurodevelopment in speech and language capabilities and emotional regulation)