My brainstorm ideas to get tips for stuttering remission: * [Research](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fIVTx5LyO3bT19Uw8qiNFlefiqUMHcsv/view?usp=sharing): PhD researcher Yaruss et al, researched "**Adults who stutter do not stutter during private speech**". In this research he investigates: PWS may not stutter when speaking alone, indicating that speakers’ perceptions of listeners, whether real or imagined, play a critical and likely necessary role in the manifestation of stuttering * [Research](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811921010089): Fluency-shaping enhances the speech fluency of persons who stutter, yet underlying conditions and neuroplasticity-related mechanisms are largely unknown. While speech production-related brain activity in stuttering is well studied, it is unclear whether therapy **repairs networks of altered sensorimotor integration, imprecise neural timing and sequencing, faulty error monitoring, or insufficient speech planning**. Improved fluency was accompanied by an increased connectivity within the sensorimotor integration network. Thus, therapy-associated neural remediation was based on a strengthened integration of the command-to-execution pathway together with an increased auditory-to-motor coupling * [Research](https://pubs.asha.org/doi/full/10.1044/2022_JSLHR-22-00073) (not open access. Any researcher who can grant access for me?) "*Communicative Fluency and the Experience of Stuttering: A Viewpoint*". **Purpose**: Despite ambiguity in meaning and usage, “fluency” has played a central role in the understanding and treatment of developmental stuttering. The appropriateness of the term fluency in association with so-called fluency disorders, such as stuttering, has recently been questioned. The purpose of this article is to propose that fluency is best conceptualized as the efficiency of goal-directed action through cybernetic function. Spoken utterances are examples of sequences of action for the fulfillment of a hierarchy of nested and increasingly abstract social goals, including behaviors (e.g., introducing oneself) and values (e.g., being a sociable person). In contrast, some moments of speech disfluency, such as stuttering disfluencies, are inefficiencies in goal-directed action that may or may not hinder the fulfillment of higher level communicative behaviors and values, described here as communicative fluency. **Conclusions**: The concept of communicative fluency refers to the continual, reliable, and upward fulfillment of increasingly abstract social goals in the form of communicative actions, behaviors, and values. This expanded conceptualization of fluency beyond simply speech production has the potential to be a useful indicator of psychosocial well-being for individuals who stutter. * [Research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9135003/) from PhD researcher Yaruss: "*A Point of View About Fluency*". Purpose This article presents several potential concerns with the common usage of the term fluency in the study of stuttering and people who stutter (or, as many speakers now prefer, stutterers ). Our goal is to bridge gaps between clinicians, researchers, and stutterers to foster a greater sense of collaboration and understanding regarding the words that are used and meanings that are intended. Method We begin by reviewing the history of the term fluency . We then explore its usage and current connotations to examine whether the term meaningfully describes constructs that are relevant to the study of the stuttering condition. Results By highlighting current research and perspectives of stutterers, we conclude that the term fluency (a) is not fully inclusive, (b) encourages the use of misleading measurement procedures, (c) constrains the subjective experience of stuttering within a false binary categorization, and (d) perpetuates a cycle of stigma that is detrimental to stutterers and to the stuttering community as a whole. Conclusions We recommend that researchers and clinicians cease referring to stuttering as a fluency disorder and simply refer to it as stuttering . Furthermore, we recommend that researchers and clinicians distinguish between moments of stuttering (i.e., what stutterers experience when they lose control of their speech or feel stuck) and the overall lived experience of the stuttering condition.