You are asking for an example. Example: Imagine, that you are talking and 1 second before you stutter, you already know or feel (anticipate) that you will stutter. Let's call this feeling of anticipation 'a trigger'. Normally when we talk, when we feel this trigger then we see a stutter coming (causing a building stutter pressure), \- we are trying to convince ourselves 'I can speak well' or 'stuttering is okay'. \- Or we are trying to distract ourselves from this trigger by focusing on diaphragmatic breathing or on the present (mindfulness) or on other people \- Or we are trying to stop this trigger or ignore it The problem with convincing, distracting, stopping and ignoring the trigger is, that we don't change our perspective and response (from our stutter habit). The more you do this, the more you attach importance to this trigger. **This is not how to completely remove stuttering.** Do you agree? Firstly, what are our triggers? Well, in my own experience, when I stutter, I encounter the following triggers (which causes me to expect a stutter): * I will stutter * afraid of the shock stutter will return 1. proving I don't have control 2. causing social expectation * it's time for compulsion * Will I stutter? can I? how? Do I need more help? (aka trying to predict a stutter which is REACTING to trigger which is attaching importance) * compulsion is okay * I want compulsion * remembering stutter experience * I don't have time \[discipline\] * I can't, observing trigger doesn't help \[discipline\] * I can't, it's too hard * I can't stop compulsion, I don't know how * I can't stop compulsion, I need more help * Wait, not enough (which is professional response which makes it harder to stop doing compulsion) * trigger has convinced me * I can't convince trigger * it's a habit * as long as person removes my stutter \[condition\] * These are not my triggers but many people have these triggers: "I can't speak fluently without this specific technique or without doing breathing exercises" "sometimes I stutter and sometimes I don't stutter" Do you see one or two triggers in above list that you share? My mind constantly has the thought "I will stutter now", but note: this is not MY thought (because it was not my choice to think this). When you ask, do you want a blue or red icecream, that is MY thought. But the thought 'I will stutter now' is a SYSTEM thought \[an automatic strong thought from the instinct\]. In our old habit, we are constantly REACTING to these triggers. For example, we are trying to convince 'I can speak well' in order to eliminate the trigger 'I will stutter', but the problem here is, according to all psychology books, one cannot eliminate triggers (because system thoughts are from the instinct and NOT our thought). Instead of trying to eliminate these triggers (which is what classic CBT is doing wrong in order to completely remove stuttering), we can focus on detaching importance. Imagine that I'm speaking and I have the trigger 'I will stutter'. Consider this, the problem is not that I'm thinking this trigger. The problem is, that I'm reacting to this trigger which causes a stutter expectation, which causes me to do the compulsion. The solution to completely remove stuttering is to approach how we are making the triggers important enough in order to do a compulsion. 1. you are asking for a link to the research studies: I can't upload the books in this thread, but you can check: 2. [https://iocdf.org/expert-opinions/the-inhibitory-learning-approach-to-exposure-and-response-prevention/](https://iocdf.org/expert-opinions/the-inhibitory-learning-approach-to-exposure-and-response-prevention/) 3. [https://www.google.com/search?q=exposure+response+prevention+pdf+research](https://www.google.com/search?q=exposure+response+prevention+pdf+research&rlz=1C1CHBF_enNL858NL858&ei=FdkRY7vcJ--Bi-gPsZ6yoAE&ved=0ahUKEwj7usq18fX5AhXvwAIHHTGPDBQQ4dUDCA4&uact=5&oq=exposure+response+prevention+pdf+research&gs_lcp=Cgxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAQAzIFCCEQoAEyBQghEKABOgoIABBHENYEELADOgYIABAeEBY6BQgAEIYDOggIIRAeEBYQHToKCCEQHhAPEBYQHToECCEQFToHCCEQoAEQCkoECEEYAEoECEYYAFD0CViKFWCbGGgBcAF4AIABdIgB-QWSAQM3LjKYAQCgAQHIAQjAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz-serp)