**TL;DR summary**: *(of the video)* * Many people who stutter report fluency when performing scripted roles or acting—possibly because they're embodying a different identity and not anticipating disfluency * Common daily tasks (calls, drive-thrus, ordering in restaurants) are often difficult for people who stutter. Yaruss recommends disclosure, self-acceptance, and confidence as key to managing these situations. *Gender differences*: At stuttering onset, boys and girls are nearly equally affected. Over time, more girls recover, resulting in a male-to-female ratio of about 4:1 among adults. Girls may be underrepresented in research or better at masking stuttering due to societal pressure * Genetic predisposition may be "triggered" by events, but definitive cause-effect cannot be established scientifically * Historically, "stutterer" was commonly used. Later, "person who stutters" became preferred to emphasize identity beyond the condition. Research shows mixed preferences; some prefer identity-first language, others person-first. Yaruss recommends asking individuals which term they prefer * Children who stutter are frequently bullied, even more than peers with other communication differences -which can severely affect academic performance and emotional development. Yaruss recommends building resilience and reduce bullying * Self-discrimination: Many people who stutter limit themselves professionally out of fear or past negative experiences. Individuals might work below their potential due to fear of speaking * Yaruss recommends disclosing stuttering early in interviews to normalize it and reduce pressure. Practicing disclosure in low-stakes situations can build confidence * Yaruss recommends clinicians to avoid reinforcing negative self-perceptions