The results in the risk analysis indicated that increased effort to speak and negative family attitude were associated with higher chances of presenting the diagnosis of stuttering. According to the literature, the occurrence of disfluencies is common in children as a result of language development \[18\]. However, studies have reported that the presence of effort to speak at the ages of 4 and 5 years is an important risk indicator for persistent stuttering \[17,19\]. Singer \[15\] has also suggested that a higher amount of effort to speak indicates a greater concern for persistent stuttering. The study found differences regarding family attitude. This is an important result, as it shows how important it is to advise parents. Negative family attitudes could lead to a negative attitude of the child towards their speech. A few studies have shown that negative parental attitude towards their child’s communication could also lead the child to present a negative attitude \[15\]. Our study suggests that the ‘negative family attitude’ is a risk variable for stuttering, which could impact children’s communication (frustration to speak or stop talking). It is the speech–language pathologists’ job to guide those parents and explain how speech and language development occurs and how they can help their child. In this study, we did not find any differences in the variable ‘presence of family history of stuttering’. The results in the present study could have a bias. The children with no stuttering behaviors (CNSC) did not present any family history of stuttering. This could be a study limitation. According to the literature, stuttering is 1.89 times more likely to persist in children with a family history of stuttering than in children without any family history \[15\]. Therefore, it is an important predictor for persistence \[2,17\]. This study did not also find also any differences in the variables ‘complaint of stuttering for more than 12 months’ and ‘complaint of stuttering before 5 years of age’. That could be a possible bias because most of the children in this study were younger (mean age were 6.5 in both groups). If most of the participants are under 5 years old, this could be a study bias, and will not be presented as a risk factor for stuttering persistence. Future studies should cover different age groups. Although the present study did not find any results in the variable ‘complaint of stuttering before 5 years of age’, the age range of 4–5 years is an important period for changes in neurobehavioral system maturation. The literature shows that children with persistent stuttering usually present a later age of onset and stutter for more than 15 months \[15,17\]. Another study suggests that children with persistent stuttering will present a stable amount of effort to speak and children who recover will present a decline in the amount of effort to speak in the first 18 months after onset \[3\]. Pediatricians and pathologists should take that information into account when making decisions about whether treating the child or not \[17\]. A recent study by Singer \[20\] investigated the cumulative risk approach to predict whether a child who stutter will develop persistent stuttering. In the cumulative risk approach, the more predictive factors the child presents, the greater the chance that this child will develop persistence stuttering. The study concluded that there are four major predictive cumulative factors for this model to work: time since onset (less than 19 months), speech sound skills, expressive language skills, and stuttering severity (based on the Stuttering Severity Instrument—SSI-3). When two factors are presented in the child, this indicates a higher risk to develop persistent stuttering (93% sensitivity and 65% specificity). The more variables the child and family present, the greater the chance of the child being diagnosed with stuttering and needing specialized monitoring The pediatrician is the professional that interacts most with the child and their family. Most families will seek a pediatrician before seeking a speech pathologist. It is important to refer those children who present some of the characteristics mentioned above (male sex, stuttering for more than 12 months, increased effort to speak, and negative family attitude were associated with higher chances of presenting stuttering) to an SLP. Moreover, parents should be advised about the positive and negative attitudes that can help or cause damage to their child and how those attitudes could impact the way the child will relate with their own speech. We would like to consider that our study could help pediatricians to better refer families who complain about their children’s stuttering to an SLP and to minimize the negative impact of stuttering on children’s lives. Finally, our study had some limitations. First, the results of this study were derived from a single institution and may reflect some bias. Second, the speech analysis had evident limitations, since it was based exclusively on the first 200 fluent syllables of spontaneous speech samples. The assessment of other speaking situations, such as oral reading, single word naming, and longer speech samples, may produce different results. While these considerations should be noted, the ability to determine risk factors for the development of persistent stuttering and to aid pediatricians to decide when a referral to an SLP is necessary outweighs the current limitations.