> But your new outlook didn't cure your stutter. I don't want to say "cured" but changing my outlook (meaning actually visualizing/practicing validating myself instead of having a "freeze" reaction aka a "fight" reaction that I don't act on) seemed to help enough that I'm mentioning it here. > If a fluent person required a tablespoon of energy, a PWS requires a cup...to overcome our inherent linguistic error. Does it take a herculean amount of energy when talking to yourself, alone? The point is to disconnect whatever mental process is inappropriately interfering with automatic, uncontrolled, expressive speaking, not to blast through the interference with even more effort. That blast of energy has to be contained again immediately to avoid shouting, requiring another blast of energy to keep going...it's easier to mentally "clear the road" ahead of time than to constantly "blast through". Not sure if this helps but that's how I think about it. > I just have a bone to pick when people claim a causation between negative/passive emotions and stuttering. Yeah, I'm on thin ice here but I'm sharing what worked for me. Feel free to tell other people to fuck off if they don't know what they're talking about. Again, I'm claiming something very specific: that stuttering seems like a "freeze" reaction...there's the "fight" tension energy balanced by a feeling of inhibition. If there's no perceived danger to speaking, then there's no "freeze" reaction. Speech therapy teaches how to deliberately speak while also feeling that "freeze" reaction...but an ideal solution would be to avoid the "freeze" reaction altogether. Again, this is my internal thought process, not any kind of definitive answer. No idea if this is right for others/you. > It just isn't practical to instruct a person to feel nothing. Yup. That said, ask me how I got through grade school / high school. I did unusually well in school, which was what my parents expected of me...but it would have been a lot better to work out my emotional issues in high school, when the competition was easier and the stakes lower. That's a different story.