I think if a mild stutterer believes that repetitions are annoying, then he will hide repetitions and change to 'blocking' in doing so he becomes a covert stutterer. I'm a severe stutterer who blocks more than repetitions so now I experience blocking is more annoying, that's me being ignorant about my real opinion that repetitions are more annoying My trigger (that leads to anticipating/justifying compulsion) is: "**I want to block in order to prevent repetition.**" "**I want to do repetition in order to make sure that the whole sentence will be understood better by the listener (in case that stuttering returns shortly)**"