According to research, a research study published in the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research in 2017 found that nearly 80% of adults who stutter reported experiencing "stuttering-like" disfluencies in their subvocal speech, compared to about 30% of adults who do not stutter. Another study published in the Journal of Fluency Disorders in 2020 found that 86% of people who stutter (PWS) in their sample reported experiencing subvocal stuttering, defined as "moments when the speech flow of their inner monologue seems to stutter or halt." Subvocal stuttering is a type of stuttering that occurs internally, within people's thoughts or inner monologue without overt speech. They may have difficulty speaking fluently in their mind, which can lead to anxiety, self-doubt, and negative emotions. Common treatments for subvocal stuttering is: * I noticed, that I unconsciously move my speech muscles (lips, tongue etc.). Even though I do not actually make sounds, I engage my speech muscles, which makes me “stutter in my thoughts a bit”. Tongue is especially the problem. So what I do now is I try to consciously relax my tongue and not move any muscles of the face. It would break your brain a bit at first, but you will get used to it. This way you will not stutter in the mind. By the way, this will also improve your speech, since if you speak a lot it your mind, this might reprogram it a little to forget that you stutter (source: [this](https://www.reddit.com/r/Stutter/comments/134afp8/comment/jien90k/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3) comment) * relaxation techniques like breathing exercises * identifying triggers * slowing down your thinking * visualization techniques * positive self-talk