- Advertising - telling people that you stutter beforehand, either directly ("I have a stutter") or indirectly (by pseudostuttering) - Mirror work - talking in the mirror, recognizing secondaries, relieving tension... also helpful during phone calls - Freezing - freezing at the point of stuttering and feeling _where_ the tension is - Prolongation/easy onset - we have specific drills for this, but it's a combination of both easy onset and prolonging the start of words - Pull-outs - when stuttering, you basically apply prolongation midway through it - Negative practice & pseudostuttering - intentionally stuttering - Cancellation - after stuttering, waiting 3 seconds, then applying prolongation again It's worth noting that we did not spend much time on stuttering modification techniques, there was more emphasis on recognizing the moment of stuttering and secondary behavior.