This image visualizes how stuttering anticipation, fear etc can increase stuttering. **But is this actually true? Or were we always mistaken in our belief?** This image aims to illustrate that concept. The image explains: Stuttering might result from an increased defensive mechanism that prevents words/sounds from being spoken. What exactly causes the increase of this defensive mechanism? (that allows or prevents the execution of speech plans) Some people might attribute it: anticipation or fear. Some researchers might say, it's because we perceive anticipation/stuttering as a problem. Some people might say that it's not: the anticipation or fear of anticipation. But rather 'blaming anticipation' that increases the defensive mechanism. **In my opinion:** I argue that none of the above is what is actually increasing the defensive threshold (VRT) mechanism that prevents us from saying thoughts out loud. Because we can also speak fluently with fear, anticipation and when blaming fear or perceiving it as a problem. This suggests that these factors do not actually increase the defensive mechanism, we were just simply mistaken in our belief. This leads to the main question. **Question**: What are actually the underlying factors that increase the defensive mechanism? (that prevents execution of speech plans) (A speech plan refers to saying words/sounds)