**TL;DR summary:** This post is about a research that investigated linguistic features affecting stuttering, language differences in PWS, and factors influencing stuttering recovery. Findings suggest lower language skills and atypical language processing in PWS. Stuttering is influenced by word predictability and length, and utterance complexity. PWS exhibit language differences and deficits, including decreased language skills. Recovery from stuttering is linked to language proficiency and phonological awareness. Stuttering may result from difficulties in integrating language and speech demands. Tips that I extracted from this research, in short, are: * create hierarchies of difficulty for linguistic, cognitive, and motor planning tasks * address lower language skills and atypical processing to reduce disfluencies * address linguistic triggers like feared words, content words, longer words, and complex utterances * improve language skills, vocabulary, grammar, and articulation to reduce speech errors * increase phonological awareness and manipulation ability to reduce disfluencies * reduce atypical brain activity and electrophysiological responses during language processing