Yes I agree. I think a form of perfectionism could be, 'I need to speak more perfect or error-free' which might increase the defensive mechanism (that prevents or allows thoughts from being spoken). Adopting a perfectionistic attitude might even imply, 'the need to increase confidence or decrease fear' or anything else that we perceive as a problem and to be avoided. Likely, perceiving fear as a problem by itself doesn't increase the defensive mechanism, but self-imposing a high expectation like 'I need to reduce fear' can increase it. This is just my own take on it. Example, normally I speak more fluently if I feel more social anxiety, authority stress. I think it's because I have learned to see authority stress as: 'I believe that Police men and teachers are more respectful than classmates' (after all, that is their job description), so authority stress decreases the defensive mechanism in my experience. The point I'm trying to make is, once I change my high expectation: 'I need to reduce social anxiety, authority stress etc - so that the defensive threshold mechanism allows execution of speech plans' - then it results in increase my defensive mechanism that prevents execution of speech plans, and thus, I stutter. Of course everyone has their own viewpoint about the image. That's good, we should all discuss how we view stuttering and then we can learn from one another