Terminologies explained: * **Speech motor plan**: (or, speech plan for short): This is an internal process that involves several steps to produce spoken words: * (1) It starts with deciding what you want to say, which involves choosing the right words and structuring them into sentences (in your internal representation) * (2) This is followed by creating a mental map of how these words sound, known as phonological encoding * (3) Next, the brain translates these sounds into specific instructions for your speech muscles. These instructions guide the movement of your tongue, lips, and vocal cords to produce the sounds accurately * (4) Finally, your speech muscles execute these movements, resulting in fluent speech production *Summary:* In summary, a speech plan contains WHAT we plan to say, and HOW we plan to say them (before we actually engage in speech production). That's basically it.